Superman, a character born from the imaginations of two Jewish teenagers in 1930s Cleveland, has remained an iconic figure in popular culture for over eight decades. Although Superman comics contain no explicit religious references, the character embodies a moral compass rooted in various religious traditions. Viewed by many as a divine savior, his story parallels Christ-like sacrifice, the leadership of Moses, and the compassion of a bodhisattva. This unique blend of attributes sets Superman apart from his superhero counterparts, offering hope in times of despair.
As fans commemorate Superman Day, marking 87 years since the superhero’s creation, there is considerable anticipation for James Gunn’s upcoming film, “Superman,” scheduled for release on July 11. Starring David Corenswet, the first Jewish actor to portray Superman in a major film, this version promises to reconnect with Superman’s foundational values of goodness, compassion, and hope. The film has ignited conversations about the enduring relevance of Superman’s ethical code in a world where superheroes are increasingly depicted as anti-heroes.
Corenswet recently expressed his admiration for Superman’s optimism, emphasizing the character’s focus on the good in people rather than their flaws. Gunn, reflecting on the film, noted that this iteration of Superman will highlight the importance of preserving life, contrasting sharply with the character’s archnemesis, Lex Luthor, who prioritizes scientific progress over human life.
This portrayal of Superman as a symbol of hope inspired Robert Revington from the Vancouver School of Theology to don a Superman costume during a skydiving adventure. Revington, while appreciating Superman’s hopeful representation, prefers to see the character as an embodiment of positive masculinity rather than drawing direct parallels with Christ.
“All-Star Superman,” a series from the mid-2000s, remains a beloved depiction of the superhero, showcasing his ability to inspire individuals to realize their inner strength. Grant Morrison, who penned this series, was influenced by philosophical ideas that suggest humans can choose to emulate virtuous qualities, much like Superman.
Matthew Brake, an expert in pop culture and theology, emphasizes that Superman inspires individuals to strive for their best selves. Raised by the compassionate Jonathan and Martha Kent on a Kansas farm, Superman’s story resonates with many, offering a model of strong yet compassionate masculinity.
While other superhero narratives, such as “The Boys” and “Invincible,” present darker interpretations of Superman-like characters, Superman continues to be celebrated as a relatable figure. Gene Luen Yang’s “Superman Smashes the Klan” illustrates the superhero’s appeal across different cultures, showcasing a story of a Chinese American family confronting racism with Superman’s aid.
Yang, identifying with Superman’s dual identity, sees the character as a spiritual guide who offers access to transcendent values without being anchored to a single religious tradition. This perspective is shared by A. David Lewis, who views Superman as a conduit to the divine through popular culture.
Superman’s Jewish roots are integral to his identity, with his Kryptonian name, Kal-El, reflecting a connection to God in Hebrew. Samantha Baskind from Cleveland State University observes parallels between Superman’s origin story and Jewish historical narratives, such as Moses’ journey and the Kindertransport.
Despite religious undertones, Superman’s appeal extends to those who are religiously unaffiliated, embodying the principles of American civil religion by fostering a sense of unity beyond religious identity. Neal Bailey, an atheist contributor to Superman Homepage, highlights Superman’s ability to transcend religious boundaries, focusing instead on human potential and commonalities.