Recent findings presented at a significant medical conference suggest that a commonly prescribed thyroid medication, levothyroxine, may contribute to bone mass and density reduction among older adults.
Levothyroxine is widely prescribed in the United States, especially among the elderly, as declining thyroid function is often associated with aging. While its primary use is to manage hypothyroidism, new questions have been raised regarding its potential side effects. A study highlighted at the Radiological Society of North America’s annual meeting indicates that levothyroxine might lower bone mass and density in older individuals with normal thyroid hormone levels.
The research was conducted by a team from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and involved 81 participants over 65 years of age who had typical thyrotropin levels. These participants, taking levothyroxine for six years, showed a decrease in bone mass and density. Although yet to be published in peer-reviewed journals, these observations were shared on November 25, 2024, emphasizing potential risks associated with the medication.
Dr. Sean Ormond, an expert in anesthesiology and pain management, remarked on the prevalence of levothyroxine prescriptions in older adults. He pointed out that as people age, their likelihood of experiencing thyroid issues increases, and untreated hypothyroidism can significantly affect heart health and other bodily functions. Symptoms prompting medical intervention with levothyroxine include fatigue, weight gain, and depressive feelings, with the goal being the restoration of hormone balance.
The thyroid gland, located in the neck, is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, temperature, and other vital functions. Its proper functioning is critical to maintaining overall health. Low thyroid hormone levels can lead to various health challenges, making hormone replacement through medications like levothyroxine a common treatment.
However, the implications of this study suggest that bone loss might be an adverse effect of levothyroxine, even when administered correctly. Previous research had already connected this drug to reduced leg mass in older adults with abundant thyroid hormone levels, with analyses incorporating data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.
Concerns about the overprescription of levothyroxine have led to questions regarding its necessity, particularly in cases of subclinical hypothyroidism. TSH levels naturally fluctuate throughout the year, and without considering these variations, there is a risk of overdiagnosis and consequent side effects, such as rapid heart rate, anxiety, or bone loss. Experts, like Dr. Sue Clenton, advocate for personalized treatment plans and careful monitoring to mitigate unnecessary medication use.
Therefore, understanding the potential link between levothyroxine and osteoporosis risk is vital. As research in this area continues to evolve, medical professionals must weigh the benefits of levothyroxine against its possible impact on bone health, ensuring a balanced approach in prescribing this medication.
These findings underscore the need for vigilant prescription practices and further research on levothyroxine’s long-term effects on bone health. As the healthcare community continues to evaluate these findings, patients and providers should engage in informed discussions about the risks and benefits of maintaining or adjusting levothyroxine therapy.
Source: MedicalNewsToday
