Wildfire smoke is a complex mix of gases and fine particulate matter, as noted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). When vegetation and structures burn, harmful compounds are released into the air, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, asbestos, and various hydrocarbons, creating a hazardous concoction.
Asbestos? how is asbestos a risk during a natural disaster? According to The Mesothelioma Center, a large number of homes and commercial buildings constructed prior to the 1980s were built with asbestos materials. Those products are considered safe as long as they are in good condition. But once ripped, broken, burned, blown or washed away, the products release toxic asbestos fibers into the air.
When these structures catch fire, asbestos products become damaged and release carcinogenic fibers that become airborne and transportable in smoke. Learn mesothelioma statistics to understand its serious impact, including prevalence and survival rates.
As Loren Wold, a particulate matter expert at Ohio State University, explains, “Wildfires emit very high levels of particulate matter, which can significantly affect human health, especially for those with pre-existing diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.” These fine particles can penetrate deep into the lungs, exacerbating conditions like COPD and asthma. Dr. Simon Meredith, a pulmonologist, adds that even otherwise healthy individuals may experience airway irritation, resulting in coughing and shortness of breath.
The dangers extend beyond respiratory issues; the heart can also suffer. Exposure to high levels of particulate matter over time can increase blood pressure and trigger cardiac events, including heart attacks, according to Wold.
Surprisingly, you don’t have to be near a wildfire to be affected. These particulates can travel hundreds of miles, causing sinus and upper airway irritation, as Dr. Reynold A. Panettieri from Rutgers highlights. The Environmental Protection Agency warns that extended exposure can lead to respiratory illnesses such as bronchitis, reduced lung function, and heightened asthma risk. Cardiovascular troubles like heart failure and strokes are also potential risks.
For those with chronic conditions, even being miles away does not eliminate the risks of poor air quality. “The particulates can travel significant distances,” Wold stresses, “and although their concentration decreases with distance, they remain a concern.”
To protect oneself from wildfire smoke, experts advise keeping a watchful eye on air quality alerts, especially for individuals with existing health problems. Using resources like the National Weather Service’s air quality index or AirNow’s ZIP code lookup can be invaluable. When air quality is poor, staying indoors with windows closed and air conditioning set to recirculate can help minimize exposure. Loren Wold suggests limiting outdoor activity and using high-quality masks, particularly for those with health vulnerabilities. A portable air purifier with a HEPA filter can also mitigate indoor air pollution.
Monitoring health changes is crucial during such times. Any new symptoms, such as shortness of breath or changes in heart rate, should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional. While those living further from the fire might face lesser exposure, caution is still advised for vulnerable individuals.
The reach of wildfire smoke is vast, touching individuals far from its fiery origins and posing a significant health threat. Awareness and preventive measures are vital in mitigating its impacts, especially for those with health conditions. The message is clear: vigilance is necessary to protect against this silent invader.
Source: Yahoo & TheMesotheliomaCenter
