The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has taken a strong stance on public health by banning two chemicals commonly used in dry-cleaning and degreasing. These chemicals, trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (perc), have long been linked to cancer and other health issues, prompting significant environmental and health policy debates.
TCE, a solvent found in various household and industrial products such as degreasing agents and paint strippers, is notorious for its rapid evaporation, which leads to air pollution. Not only does it pose threats to workers in industries using TCE, but it also endangers nearby residents due to its potential to contaminate groundwater. Studies have pointed out that between 9% and 34% of U.S. water supplies may be tainted with TCE.
This chemical exposure carries serious health risks. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) warn of severe consequences at high exposure levels, including kidney cancer, liver cancer, nerve damage, and more. Even at lower levels, TCE exposure can cause headaches and dizziness, among other symptoms.
Perc, on the other hand, is primarily used in dry-cleaning processes. Similar to TCE, it can evaporate into the air and seep into the soil, ultimately affecting water quality. Direct exposure can irritate the eyes and respiratory system, creating risks not only for dry-cleaning workers but also for those living close to these facilities. Potential health issues include headaches, dizziness, and coordination problems. Long-term exposure may also elevate risks of various cancers and reproductive health problems.
The EPA’s decision to ban these chemicals marks a significant shift towards safeguarding public health. However, the transition won’t happen overnight. Companies using perc in consumer products and industrial settings have up to three years to stop using the chemical, and in six months, it will be banned from new dry-cleaning machines. Meanwhile, TCE must be phased out within a year, although certain industries like aircraft cleaning and medical devices have been granted more time.
In the interim, individuals can take proactive steps to reduce their exposure to these toxic chemicals. Checking product labels for the full names of TCE and perc is a start. Opting for ‘green’ dry-cleaning services is another practical measure. Additionally, the Environmental Working Group provides a contamination map that can help determine if local water supplies are affected. In such cases, installing activated carbon filters can effectively remove these contaminants from drinking water.
The EPA’s ban on TCE and perc underscores a commitment to public health amidst industry resistance. While the full effects of these measures will take time to manifest, these actions are a vital step in reducing cancer risks and protecting communities across the nation.
