Microdosing is gaining traction among a new generation seeking alternative health solutions. These self-experimenters consume small amounts of psilocybin mushrooms or LSD in an effort to alleviate anxiety, stress, and depression. Many claim this practice provides a sense of joy, creativity, and connection otherwise unavailable to them. Unlike a full psychedelic trip, microdosing involves taking tiny doses intermittently, often in accordance with a schedule, rather than daily. If one experiences visions, it is not considered microdosing.
A small study suggests that any psychological benefits may originate from user expectations, known as the placebo effect. However, the scientific investigation into microdosing is still in its infancy, with ongoing research continuing to explore its potential effects. Although these substances remain illegal in most regions, scientific interest in the therapeutic benefits of supervised psychedelic experiences has led states like Oregon and Colorado to legalize psychedelic therapy. Additionally, some cities have instructed law enforcement to deprioritize policing psychedelic use, which further opens the door to microdosing.
Individuals who microdose, such as Matt Metzger, a combat veteran from Olympia, Washington, report positive outcomes. Metzger, who cultivates his own mushrooms in a region where psilocybin has been decriminalized, finds that microdosing helps manage his PTSD. Similarly, in Loveland, Colorado, Aubrie Gates credits psilocybin microdosing with improving her parenting and enhancing her creativity.
Scientists studying microdosing caution that such personal accounts are challenging to quantify in laboratory settings. The belief in the practice is so influential that even empty capsules can produce similar effects. During a study involving microdosing participants, individuals were unaware whether they were consuming actual microdoses or placebos over a four-week period. Psychological measures improved across the board, irrespective of the substance taken.
Research has yet to find lasting impacts on creativity or cognition, though small studies suggest that low doses of LSD may temporarily boost vigor and euphoria in those with mild depression compared to a placebo. The variability in outcomes may mean it only benefits certain individuals, making laboratory measurement difficult.
The potential of microdosing has prompted an Australian company to conduct early trials of LSD microdoses for severe depression and cancer patients experiencing despair. However, rigorous research on psilocybin microdosing remains limited. Psilocybin mushrooms are the most popular psychedelic drug in the U.S., with an estimated eight million users in 2023, half of whom reported microdosing.
Warnings and Considerations
Even microdosing advocates warn about the lack of long-term human studies. There are additional concerns about unregulated products, which may contain harmful substances, and the risk of accidentally consuming too much, leading to unsettling experiences. The nonprofit Fireside offers free phone support for individuals undergoing psychedelic experiences, receiving numerous inquiries about microdosing.
Balazs Szigeti of the University of California, San Francisco, who has studied microdosing, suggests it can be a way to harness the placebo effect for personal benefit. He advises those interested in microdosing to approach it with enthusiasm and positive expectations about its benefits.
